International Journal of African Renaissance Studies (IJARS) is a forum for scholarship on the challenges facing Africa today and seeks to promote research, policy analyses and teaching that locate African people at the centre of the development agenda. The journal covers multi-, inter- and transdisciplinary approaches in examining the African Renaissance and the repositioning of Africa within the world system. It is committed to producing and using knowledge to empower and strengthen Africa, its people and its Diaspora.Articles published in IJARS cover a broad range of socio-political and natural sciences, the humanities and other disciplines and topics including capacity building, conflict, development, ecology, economics, education, gender, governance, health, identity, land reform, language, law, leadership, politics and social policy. In geographical terms, the journal covers both the African continent and the Diaspora.